ISO 45001:2018 - Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems: Step by step implementation guide Part-04
ISO 45001:2018 - Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems: Step by step implementation guide Part-04
Requirements of an Occupational Health and Safety Management System
Overview
- List the expectations top
management has in a OHSMS.
- Describe how best to manage
health and safety risks.
- Explain how support functions
affect an organization's performance.
- Define what operational
controls are.
- Summarize how organizations
enforce operational controls.
- Discuss what an emergency
response is and how organizations are required to plan for emergency
situations.
Leadership
and Organizational Context
Leadership Roles and Responsibilities:
What is a leadership
role and how is it mandated in the ISO 45001:2018 standard?
Top management must
ensure leadership roles and exhibit commitment towards the OHSMS by:
a) Owning responsibility and accountability for avoiding work-based
injuries and illness; provide a safe and healthy work environment and
processes.
b) Making sure that the OH&S policy objectives are identified
and relate to the strategy of the company.
c) Making sure the OHSMS integrates into the business processes of
the organization.
d) Ensuring the availability of the resources required to develop,
apply, sustain and enhance the OHSMS.
e) Communicating the significance of the implementation of the OHSMS
and compliance to the standard.
f) Ensuring the OHSMS attains its intended results. <Cont.
next tab>
g) Guiding and empowering workers to play their role in the
sustenance of the OHSMS.
h) Ensuring and encouraging continuous improvement.
I) Empowering other management to prove their leadership in the
areas they lead.
j) Establishing, leading and encouraging an organizational culture
that assists the desired results of the OHSMS to succeed.
k) Safeguarding workers from retaliation or reprisals, when it comes
to reporting accidents, unsafe conditions, hazards, risks and areas for
improvement.
l) Ensuring that the organization develops and applies processes for
discussion and the participation of workers.
m) Empowering the development and operation of health and safety
committees.
OHSMS Participation:
OHSMS Policy:
Who is responsible for
establishing, implementing and maintaining the OHSMS policy? Top management i.e.
the leadership of the organization must develop, apply and sustain this policy,
which should have the following elements:
a) A commitment to offer a safe and healthy working environment. The
commitment should ensure that work-based accidents and illnesses are avoided.
The policy should be relevant to the objectives, size and business context of
the organization and the nature of the particular health and safety risks that
exist.
b) A framework for setting out the health and safety objectives.
c) A commitment to meet legal and other requirements.
d) A commitment to eliminate hazards and reduce risks.
e) A commitment to the continuous improvement of the OHSMS.
f) A commitment to consultation and participation. The policy should
encourage discussion and the involvement of workers/bodies representing workers
and managers.
Components:
The organization's
health and safety management policy should ensure the following:
• The policy must be
controlled and documented.
• It must be
communicated throughout all levels of the organization.
• It should be suitable,
applicable and available to all interested parties.
Participation:
Worker representation
in the OHSMS steering committee, can be a source of participation and
consultation for workers.
Hurdles and barriers to
staff participation can involve the inability to address inputs and opinions,
language barriers and dangers of retaliation or reprisals for "speaking
up".
Training:
Delivering training
to staff, can break major barriers to worker participation. The participation
of non-managerial employees can involve the following:
1. Identifying hazards and assessing risks and opportunities.
2. Identifying the procedures for consultation and participation.
3. Identify actions that can eliminate hazards and reduce health and
safety risks.
4. Identify training and competence requirements and evaluate
training.
5. Identify communications issues and methods.
6. Investigate incidents and non-conformities.
7. Identify control measures and their effective applications.
Internal and External Factors
Business Context:
The business context
for the OHSMS (ISO 45001:2018, clause 4.1) involves the following:
• Understanding the
company and its business context.
• Management must
identify internal and external issues that are applicable to the OHSMS.
• Highlight issues that
have affected, or may affect, the organization's ability to successfully implement the OHSMS.
Internal Issue:
Collaboration between
businesses has developed in the last two decades, with the advancement of the
internet and business without borders. Health and safety concerns have
developed too and management has more wider-reaching issues to consider, when
planning an OHSMS. Some internal issues include:
• The competence and
diversity of the organization’s workforce.
• The commitment of
workers regarding health and safety regulations.
• The readiness to
collaborate with declared specifications.
• The organization’s
communication channels and their significance.
External factors are issues that are outside an organization, but that influence
its business and operations. Some of these are summarized below:
- Legislation and
regional laws.
- Economic and political
situation.
- Union rules.
- National and
international agencies.
Documenting the business
context, for auditors and other stakeholders, with respect to external
parameters, is recommended.
Compliance and Interests
Compliance:
Compliance with
applicable H&S laws and regulations, protects businesses from legal and
other financial penalties.
Moreover, the well-being
of an organization’s workers is the first and foremost objective. Making sure
operations are safe, improves the quality of goods and services that can be
provided.
The latest discoveries
and research with regard to contemporary illness, e.g. recurring stress,
strains and depression, demonstrates that adhering to OH&S legislation
improves performance.
Involvement:
It's important to
involve the viewpoints of interested parties when formulating an OHSMS.
Some common interested parties include:
• Employees/workers
• Management and
shareholders - they are also connected to strategic business decisions
• External providers,
contractors and vendors
• Manufacturing and
business partners
• Government, regulatory
and legislative bodies – in many cases these have authority over organizations
• Pressure groups,
neighbors, trade unions – especially in the case of e.g. nuclear
power/chemical/hazardous facilities
• An organization’s
insurers - an OHSMS may significantly affect premiums
Managing
Risk: Opportunities and Support Functions
Risks and Hazards
Analysis:
When planning the OHSMS,
management must consider the issues and requirements from a business context,
i.e. internal and external factors and those of interested parties. This
constitutes the scope of the OHSMS.
Through the planning
processes, management must identify and examine the risks and opportunities
associated with the OHSMS and the structural changes involved. Management must document
the information concerning the processes and measures needed to identify and
address the risks and opportunities involved. A long and short term risk and
opportunities assessment must be undertaken, before change is applied.
Hazard:
Hazard identification is
referred to in clause 6.1. Top management, or its delegated personnel, must
develop, apply and carry out pre-emptive and ongoing processes for hazard
identification.
These processes must
take into account how work is managed, considering the following factors:
Workload; Work hours;
Victimization; Harassment and bullying; Leadership and culture.
Identification:
Hazard identification
processes must also take into account hazards that arise from routine and
non-routine activities, including the following:
Hazard Identification and Assessment
Personnel:
Hazard identification
and the assessment of risks and opportunities, involves personnel in the
workplace, including:
• Those with the right
of entry to the workplace (employees, third-party workers, guests)
• Those in the locality
of the work area, who are affected by the work
• Employees in an area
that is not under the direct administration of the company
Other Factors:
Hazard identification
and the assessment of risks and opportunities, involves other factors in
the workplace, including:
• Changes with the needs
and capabilities of employees
• Changed conditions in
the workplace, as a result of work-related activities
• Conditions (not
controlled by management) in work areas, that can result in illness or injury
to individuals
• Actual or intended
changes in organogram, jobs, processes, proceedings or the health and safety
management system
• Information and
knowledge relating to any changes concerning hazards
Assessment:
Assessment of health and
safety risks (Clause 6.1.2.2). Management must
develop, apply and carry out processes for the following:
(a) Assess the health and safety risks from a list of hazards, while
considering the effectiveness of current controls;
(b) Identify and assess other risks related to the establishment,
application, operation and maintenance of the overall OHSMS.
The management’s
procedures and criteria for the assessment of health and safety risks, must be
defined, to ensure they are preemptive rather than responsive and that they are
utilized in a
systematic way.
Documented information must be developed and retained on the assessment
principles and methodology
Processes, Actions and the Law
Precesses:
Assessment of health and
safety opportunities (6.1.2.3)
Management must develop,
apply and carry out processes for the following:
(a) Health and safety
opportunities to enhance health and safety performance, changes to management,
policies, processes or activities.
(b) Opportunities to
upgrade work, management and the work environment for employees.
(c) Opportunities to
eliminate hazards and reduce health and safety risks.
(d) Opportunities for
improving the OHSMS.
Legal and other
requirements (6.1.3)
Management must develop,
apply and carry out processes for the following:
A. Identify and
subscribe to the latest legal and other requirements that are relevant to
hazards, risks and health and the OHSMS.
B. Identify how legal
and other requirements apply to management and which requirements need to be
communicated to staff.
C. Take legal and other
requirements into account when developing, applying and improving the OHSMS.
D. Retain documented
information on legal and other issues and ensure it is upgraded to incorporate
any relevant changes.
Action:
Management must plan
actions relating to the following:
1) Risks and
opportunities
2) Legal and other
requirements
3) Prepare for and react
to emergency situations
4) Integrate and apply
relevant counter measures to hazards and risks, through the OHSMS
5) Assess the
effectiveness of the counter measures and action plans taken
Management must take
into consideration the "hierarchy of controls" (clause 8.1.2) and
results from the health and safety management system, when deciding on new
actions. When planning actions, management must take into account best
practice, technological alternatives and economical, functional and business
needs.
Objectives and Planning:
Objectives:
Health And Safety
objectives (Clause 6.2.1)
Management must develop
health and safety objectives at appropriate functions and levels, to carry out
and continually improve the OHSMS and OH&S performance (clause 10.3).
Health and safety
objectives must:
(a) Be consistent with
the health and safety policy
(b) Be quantifiable (if possible)
and available for evaluation
Health and safety
objectives must take into consideration the following:
(c) Relevant
requirements
(d) The outcomes
resulting from the assessment of risks and opportunities
(e) The results of
consultation with employees or employees’ representatives where they exist
(f) Checks,
communications and upgrades
Planning:
Planning to attain
health and safety objectives (Clause 6.2.2)
When planning how
to attain organizational health and safety objectives, management must address
the following questions:
A. What needs to be worked on?
B. What resources will be needed?
C. Who will be delegated?
D. When it will be finished?
E. How will the outcomes be assessed (including pointers for
monitoring)?
F. How will the measures needed to attain health and safety
objectives, be assimilated into business processes?
Management must produce
and retain documented information on health and safety objectives and the plans
to achieve them.
Duties of Top Management:
Competence:
Support Functions -
Organizational Resources (Clause 7.1)
Management must
recognize and render the resources required for the establishment, application,
maintenance and continual enhancement of the OHSMS.
Competence (Clause 7.2)
To achieve mandatory
employee competence, management must perform the following:
1. Identify the
influence of employee competence on health and safety performance
2. Ensure that employees
are competent (including the capability to recognize hazards) with help of
education, experience and training
3. Take the necessary
actions to achieve mandatory employee competence and be able to evaluate the
effectiveness of these measures
4. Retain documented
information on proof of employee competence
NOTE: Relevant actions can involve the delivery of training, mentoring,
the re-allocation of presently employed persons and the hiring or outsourcing
of competent persons.
Awareness (Clause 7.3)
Employees must be made
aware of the following:
- Health and safety
policies and objectives
- The effectiveness and
benefits of the OHSMS
- The implications and
potential outcomes of not conforming to OH&S requirements
- H&S incidents and
the results of investigations
- Their ability to leave
work situations when there is a grave danger to their life or health
Obligations:
Communication (Clause
7.4)
Management must develop,
apply and carry out the processes required for the internal and external
communications applicable to the OHSMS, together with identifying the
following:
• The appropriate
subjects of communication
• The appropriate timing
• The appropriate
recipients (including contractors and visitors to the workplace)
• The appropriate
methodology of communication
The standard stipulates
that management must take into account the "diversity" of the
audience when considering its communications. Diversity includes: •
Gender • Language • Culture • Literacy • Disability
Management must ensure
that the opinions of external interested parties are considered, when
developing the communications process. In addition, management must:
• React to appropriate
communications regarding its OHSMS
• Keep documentation, as
proof of its communications
Documentation and Control
The level of documented
information required (Clause 7.5) in an OHSMS, varies from one
organization to another. This is due mainly to the types of products and
services it provides and the requirement to show legal and other compliance.
Documentation (Clause
7.5.2) should normally include the following:
1) Identification and
description
2) Title, Date and
Author
3) Reference Number
4) Language and format
5) Graphics and
media
6) Software Version
Control:
Documentation needs to
be sufficiently controlled (clause 7.5.3), to ensure:
- It is accessible and
relevant for utilization where and when it is needed
- It is sufficiently
protected from loss of confidentiality and improper use
- The availability of
sharing, right to use and retrieval
- Is is conserved and
stored properly
- Version and revision
control
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hr documents, hr forms and formats, SOPs, policies and procedures, reports and hr template, Human Resources, HR, HRM, OHSMS, HRBP, ISO, Health and Safety, job Interview, Jobs, Nebosh, Labour Law, Talent Management, Social Compliance, AI, HRIS, succession Planing, Training in BD, Human resources management in Bangladesh. strategic Human resource management, hr executive, Maternity welfare benefits calculation method etc format form https://www.resourceacademiabd.com
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ISO All standard and document: Click Here
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ISO 45001:2018 - Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems Standard Summary
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THANK YOU
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hr documents, hr forms and formats, SOPs, policies and procedures, reports and hr template, Human Resources, HR, HRM, OHSMS, HRBP, ISO, Health and Safety, job Interview, Jobs, Nebosh, Labour Law, Talent Management, Social Compliance, AI, HRIS, succession Planing, Training in BD, Human resources management in Bangladesh. strategic Human resource management, hr executive, Maternity welfare benefits calculation method etc format form https://www.resourceacademiabd.com
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hr documents, hr forms and formats, SOPs, policies and procedures, reports and hr template, Human Resources, HR, HRM, OHSMS, HRBP, ISO, Health and Safety, job Interview, Jobs, Nebosh, Labour Law, Talent Management, Social Compliance, AI, HRIS, succession Planing, Training in BD, Human resources management in Bangladesh. strategic Human resource management, hr executive, Maternity welfare benefits calculation method etc format form https://www.resourceacademiabd.com
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ISO All standard and document: Click Here
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ISO 45001:2018 - Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems Standard Summary
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