ISO 45001:2018 - Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems: Step by step implementation guide Part-06
ISO 45001:2018 - Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems: Step by step implementation guide Part-06
Performance Evaluation and Improvement
- Describe the performance
evaluation of occupational health and safety management systems (OHSMS)
- Be able to discuss monitoring,
measurements and analysis
- Describe the process involved
in internal audits
- Explain what is involved in
management reviews
- Define what 'continual
enhancement' means
- Summarize the 'check and act'
part of the OHSMS
Monitoring, Measurement and Analysis
Performance Measurement
Performance evaluation (Clause
9) lists the requirements of assessing the performance of the OHSMS.
This clause encompasses three areas of evaluation:
• Monitoring,
measurement and analysis
• Internal auditing
• Management reviews
Management must develop,
apply and carry out (Clause 9.1) different processes for monitoring,
measurement and analysis. Management must identify the following:
• The level of
compliance to laws and other requirements
• The activities and
processes involved in recognizing hazards, risks and opportunities
• Improvements toward
the attainment of the organization's health and safety objectives
• The impact and
efficiency of operational (and other) controls
Task:
Monitoring can be based on:
• Assessment of
documented information
• Interviews with people
to discuss performance levels
Measurement is the allocation of numbers or values to performance,
i.e. events and objects. It is related to performance evaluation and involves
verifying equipment and actions with respect to risks and hazards.
Analysis is the study and interpretation of data to discover patterns,
relationships and trends in workplace activities. It is closely associated with
measuring events.
Criteria:
Management relates its
performance in the area of occupational health and safety, according to certain
criteria.
For example, the
performance of other companies, accepted codes, the company’s own codes,
acknowledged standards, the organization’s objectives and historical OH&S
statistics.
Management must assess
its health and safety performance and be aware of the efficiency of its OHSMS.
Management must ensure, for example, that work equipment is relevant,
calibrated, verified and used appropriately.
NOTE: There can be
legal and other requirements (national and international standards) concerning
the use, calibration and verification of equipment.
Records:
Management must keep
relevant documentation as proof of performance measurement,
monitoring, analysis and to demonstrate results.
Competence and Guidelines
Clause 9.1 defines the meaning of “measuring and monitoring” and offers
particular instances of what can be measured to fulfill the standard. For
example:
• Progress on continual
improvement
• The monitoring of
workers health and fitness
• Recorded instances of
injuries and illness
• Trends
Competence is identified in Clause 9.1, as evidence that workers and
management work effectively together, in terms of the recognition of hazards
and risk mitigation measures.
The ISO 45001:2018standard states what must be measured and monitored to ensure OH&S
legal compliance. Discontinuities must be recognized, solved and
documented. Examples of other factors that must be taken into account are:
• Corporate policies and
agreements
• Insurance requirements
• Company and union
agreements
• Other rules
regulations
Guideline:
Reviewing an
organization’s performance in certain areas, against other organizations is
referred to as 'benchmarking'. Performing this type of review with respect to
OH&S offers a relatively precise picture of an organization’s performance.
However, we must bear in
mind the landscape in which organizations operate. For example, financial
managers may be bound by a certain financial code of conduct; electronics
manufacturers may be committed to being directed by certain standards
etc.
The ISO 45001standard renders certain guidelines as key factors that can be used
to quantify performance. For example, if incidents are measured by occurrence,
frequency and severity, this constitutes a method of measuring performance. The
measurement of the completion of a corrective action, within a certain time or
at a certain rate of completion, is another form of measurement.
System Criteria and Assessment
Systematic:
An organization should
have a systematic method for monitoring and measuring its health and
safety performance on a continuous basis and this should be part of its OHSMS.
Without, hopefully,
labouring the point too much, monitoring and measuring an organization's health
and safety performance, should include the following:
• All relevant health
and safety legislation
• Mutual relevant
agreements
• Standards and codes
• Insurance requirements
• Activities and
processes concerning the recognition of risks, hazards and opportunities
Criteria &
Indicator:
The following is the
difference between 'criteria' and 'indicators' as used in the standard:
Criteria is what organizations use to check their performance in
key areas. For example they may benchmark their health and safety performance
against other organizations, best practices, standards etc.
To quantify particular
OH&S criteria, key performance indicators are used. For example, if
a criterion is a comparison of health and safety related incidents, an
organization may check: occurrence, type, impact, incidents, statistics etc.
The indicators are the results of the comparisons.
Assessment:
A compliance
assessment program covers all occupational exposure to legislation
requirements. Evaluation can be influenced by elements such as historic
compliance, or the time at which legislation was adopted or changed.
A compliance assessment
plan can be joined to other evaluation activities. These can form part of the
management system audit, for example environmental audits or quality management
system assessments.
It should be remembered
that legal compliance is the minimum requirement in the standard, for
evaluating the effective implementation of the OHSMS. This means the
organization, at a minimum, must comply with all legal requirements. Finally,
as discussed, the organization must keep documentation of the results of its
compliance evaluation.
Performance Evaluation and Improvement Summary
- Three main
areas of OHSMS evaluation are: monitoring, measurement and analysis;
Internal audits; management reviews.
- Management must develop, apply
and carry out different processes for the monitoring, measurement and
analysis of its OHSMS.
- Monitoring can be based on
observation of work being done, the assessment of documented information
(e.g. records) and the utilization of interviews - this helps to identify
status, so that any deviation from performance can be recognized.
- 'Measurement' is the allocation
of numbers to the performance of events or objects. It is related with
performance evaluation. It can be extracted from the utilization of
verified or calibrated equipment.
- Data analysis discovers
patterns, relationships and trends in performance. It is related with the
measurement of events.
- Criteria is what the management
compares its performance with, for example the performance of other
companies, developed codes, acknowledged standards, the organization's own
codes, the organization’s objectives and its historical health and safety
record (statistics).
- Management must ensure that
monitoring and measuring equipment is calibrated, verified and used as appropriate.
- Management must develop, apply
and carry out processes for evaluating organizational health and safety
compliance, with legal and other requirements.
- An organization should have a
systematic method for monitoring and measuring its occupational health and
safety performance, on a recurrent basis. This should be a core component
of its OHSMS.
- An organization should employ
preemptive and responsive measures to OH&S gaps and should primarily
focus on proactive solutions, in order to maximize its performance.
- The internal audit plan must be
scheduled and developed according to the system's scope. The plan should
be developed according to a risk assessment and take into account the
results of former audits.
- When choosing auditors to
perform audits, objectivity and the absence of bias in the process, must
be assured.
- Management should conduct
internal audits at regular intervals, as part of conducting management
reviews of their OH&S status and processes.
- The ISO 45001 OHSMS standard,
mandates that the results of internal audits should be presented to all
employees and interested parties.
- Documenting the internal audit,
together with the outcomes, measures and results, is a requirement and a
part of the OHSMS continual improvement process.
- The management review should
not only assess data and historical trends; it should aim to improve the
OH&S standards and performance in the organization.
- Management review of the
organization's OH&S status, should be performed regularly, on a
quarterly, bi-annual or annual basis.
- Management must develop, apply
and carry out processes, together with investigations, reports and
measures, to identify and manage OH&S-related incidents and
non-conformities.
- An organization must take into
account the following: the results from the evaluation and analysis of its
OH&S performance; the assessment of its OH&S compliance; the
lessons learned from internal audits and the lessons learned from
management reviews.
- Corrective actions, continuous
improvements, technological changes, innovations and re-organization can
improve the organization's OH&S position.
- Incidents that lead to health
and safety risks, include: near misses, disabilities, injuries, ill
health, damage to property and equipment.
- When a nonconformity or
incident occurs, the organization must respond in a timely way; they must
act to manage/contain the issue, correct it and deal with the outcomes.
- Organizations must assess the
corrective actions that are required to eliminate the root causes of
health and safety-related incidents and non-conformities. They must
endeavour to ensure that incidents and non-conformities that occur in one
part of an organization, do not occur in another part of an organization.
- Required corrective actions
should be planned and implemented with the participation of employees and
interested parties.
- The concept of the continuous improvement of an organization's OHSMS, is referenced in management systems prior to ISO 45001:2018, for example ISO 14001 and ISO 9001.
THANK YOU
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Part-06: ISO 45001:2018 - Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems: Step by step implementation guide
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ISO 45001:2018 - Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems Standard Summary
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hr documents, hr forms and formats, SOPs, policies and procedures, reports and hr template, Human Resources, HR, HRM, OHSMS, HRBP, ISO, Health and Safety, job Interview, Jobs, Nebosh, Labour Law, Talent Management, Social Compliance, AI, HRIS, succession Planing, Training in BD, Human resources management in Bangladesh. strategic Human resource management, hr executive, Maternity welfare benefits calculation method etc format form https://www.resourceacademiabd.com
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