Burn Injuries and Rules of Nine

Burns:

“Injury caused by fire, heat, chemical agents, radiation, and/or electricity”

3 classifications:
1st degree (Superficial burn)
2nd degree (Partial-thickness)
3rd degree (Full-thickness)

1st Degree
Causes = sunburn, brief exposure to hot temp.
Reddened skin; mild swelling; painful
5-6 day healing time
Tx = remove heat source; cool water 15 min.

2nd Degree (Partial Thickness)
Causes = sunburn, fire, exposure to hot Reddened skin; blisters; pain; swelling
3-4 weeks healing time liquids
Tx = Mild = Same as 1st degree; don’t break blisters
Severe = Cover with gauze; ER

3rd Degree (Full Thickness)
Most severe
Injury to all layers of skin + muscle & nerves
Skin appears white / charred Painless
Causes = fire, electricity, immersion of hot liquids

Rules of Nine:

The size of a burn can be quickly estimated by using the "rule of nines." This method divides the body's surface area into percentages.

    The front and back of the head and neck equal 9% of the body's surface area.
    The front and back of each arm and hand equal 9% of the body's surface area.
    The chest equals 9% and the stomach equals 9% of the body's surface area.
    The upper back equals 9% and the lower back equals 9% of the body's surface area.
    The front and back of each leg and foot equal 18% of the body's surface area.
    The genital area equals 1% of the body's surface area.

I hope you can calculate the surface burn area.

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